The term of Justice Rohini Commission extended for the 13th time

The term of Justice Rohini Commission extended for the 13th time
Recently the Union Cabinet has given the 13th extension to the Justice Rohini Commission to
examine the sub-categorization of Other Backward Classes (OBC) and submit its report by 31 January, 2023. The initial deadline for submission of the Commission's report was 12 weeks (by 2 January, 2018).

Justice Rohini Commission

On 02 October, 2017 after the approval of the President, this commission, constituted under
Article 340 of the Constitution, is also called Rohini Commission. It was entrusted with the task of sub-categorization of Other Backward Classes (OBCs) and equitable distribution of benefits reserved for them.

In 2015, the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) recommended that OBCs should be classified as extremely backward classes, more backward classes and backward classes. NCBC reserves the right to inquire into complaints and welfare measures in respect of socially and educationally backward classes.

To examine the unequal distribution of reservation benefits among different castes in the central OBC list and to prepare the mechanism, criteria in scientific approach for subcategorization among other backward classes. Attempt to identifyrelatedcastes - l castes/equivalents for comprehensive data coverage.

Current progress

The Commission coordinates amongst the representatives of the State Governments, State Backward Classes Commissions, Community Associations etc. It also compiles caste-based statistics of OBCs admitted to higher educational institutions and central departments, public sector banks and financial institutions.

In the year 2021, the commission proposed to divide OBCs into four subcategories numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 and 27% reservation into 2, 6, 9 and 10% respectively. It also recommended complete digitization of all OBC records and a standardized system of issuance of OBC certificates.

OBC reservation status

Kalelkar Commission, established.in the year 1953, was the first to identify backward classes other than Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) at the national level. In the Mandal Commission report, 1980 the OBC population was estimated to be 52% and 1,257 communities were classified as backward. It
recommended raising the existing.quota, which was only for SC/STs, from 22.5% to 49.5% to include OBCs.

The central government has reserved 27% seats for OBCs [Article 16(4)] in union civil posts and services. The quota was later implemented in the educational institutions of the Central Government [Article 15(4)]. 

In the year 2008, the Supreme. Court directed the central.government to exclude the creamy layer (upgraded class) among the OBCs. The 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018 granted constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC), which was earlier a statutory body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

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